Couple sentenced for laundering millions in drug proceeds using virtual currency

HOUSTON – A Houston resident and his naturalized wife from Vietnam have received prison sentences for unlicensed money transmitting and money laundering, announced U.S. Attorney Alamdar S. Hamdani.

Vinh Quang Phan and Diana Le Phan entered guilty pleas June 18.

U.S. District Judge Keith Ellison has now sentenced Vinh Phan and Diana Phan to 120 months in federal prison. Each will also serve three years of supervised release following their prison terms. The judge ordered the Phans to pay $80,000 in fines and forfeit their Houston home, $16,198 in cash seized at the time of their arrests and more than $470,000 in seized accounts.

During the hearing, the court learned the Phans had already achieved the American dream and were wealthy before choosing to embark on a life of crime. In handing down the sentence, Judge Ellison remarked “This is one of the least sympathetic cases of need I have encountered.” He added: “All of this was foreseeable. I wish people would think about their families before they commit crimes, rather than invoking their families now.”

“Crime flourishes only when it pays, and Vinh and Diana Phan helped it pay, for years, to the tune of more than $33 million. Now their bill is due,” said Hamdani. “These sentences acknowledge the harm that professional money launderers cause when they knowingly circulate dirty money and subvert the integrity of our banking system.”

“Our special agents reviewed records from more than 20 financial institutions and virtual currency companies, and worked with the task force to execute approximately 40 search warrants and interview dozens of witnesses to unravel the defendants complex scheme to transmit and launder millions in illicit proceeds,” said acting Special Agent in Charge Lucy Tan, of IRS Criminal Investigation’s (CI) Houston Field Office. “When people hear about IRS CI, they often don’t realize the work we do to take down organized crime and criminal financial operations. We are law enforcement officers that specialize in following the money.”

The Phans operated an unlicensed money transmitting business that transmitted funds received in the form of U.S. currency aka bulk cash. They earned at least some of this money, which included more than $9 million bulk cash received from others, from the trafficking, distribution and sale of controlled substances.

During the course of the approximately 21-month conspiracy, the unlicensed money transmitting business received and transmitted more than $33 million. The Phans introduced this bulk cash into the banking system through more than nine “money mules.” The Phans then used the funds to buy virtual currency which was sold for cash in California - the state where the controlled substances originated.

The Phans used virtual currency to eliminate the risk of driving cash across the country, which was one way they transmitted cash prior to January 2020. The Phans were robbed at gunpoint while on the road in October 2019 and had $440,000 stolen from their vehicle.

The Phans did not register their money transmitting business with the Department of the Treasury nor did the state of Texas license them to engage in money transmission.

The Phans were permitted to remain on bond and voluntarily surrender to  U.S. Bureau of Prisons facilities to be determined in the near future.

The IRS Criminal Investigation-led South Texas High Intensity Drug Trafficking Areas (HIDTA) Financial Crimes Task Force conducted the investigation with assistance from Drug Enforcement Administration, Houston Police Department and the Organized Crime Drug Enforcement Task Forces (OCDETF). OCDETF identifies, disrupts and dismantles the highest-level drug traffickers, money launderers, gangs and transnational criminal organizations that threaten the United States by using a prosecutor-led, intelligence-driven, multi-agency approach that leverages the strengths of federal, state and local law enforcement agencies against criminal networks. Additional information about the OCDETF Program can be found on the Department of Justice’s OCDETF webpage.

Assistant U.S. Attorneys Stephanie Bauman and Eun Kate Suh prosecuted the case with assistance from Deputy Chief Brandon Fyffe of the Asset Recovery Section.